The Worst Wildfire Season in Spain & Portugal

 

BBC News reports on the worst wildfire season ever in the EU, led by the blazes in Spain & Portugal. In total, one million hectares have burnt in the whole of Europe, due to climate change and an unprecedented heat wave. 

The article contains a few technical terms, so it can be recommended for B2 students who can pick up expressions like: a wildfire, on record, to scar, to scorch, a severe [fire], a forested [area], pilgrimage, to trigger, a vicious cycle, to release [CO2], to surge, a blaze, [fire]-prone, flammability, [rural] depopulation, to be overgrown, a fire break, [fire]-hardy [ecosystems], to struggle, a hare, a cork oak, [to keep] in check, to offset, a [climate] feedback loop, to pose [a threat], soil [erosion], ash, a reservoir.

Below you can also watch a longer report (11:27) broadcast by DW News nine days ago during the worst moments of struggle against the blazes, which is recommended for C1 students:

The Listening Planet by Martyn Stewart

Martyn Stewart is a world leading audio naturalist, who has spent more than 55 years capturing the sounds of over 3,500 species of birds, amphibians and mamals as well as other natural phenomena in 60 countries. He has created the project The Listening Planet, a unique library of natural noises which is available to researchers, artists and the general public free of charge. Martyn Stewart has also collaborated with singers, poets or music producers like Robert Shields, also known as ONR, to create the music album Imperfect Cadence with sounds captured in Scotland, which can be heard on Spotify at The Listening Planet on Spotify.

Rob Schmitz did a story for NPR in 2024, "Wildlife expert, who records sounds of a changing planet, adds music to the mix", about Martyn Stewart's album "Imperfect Cadence". The radio report has a transcript and is recommended for C1 students and above, who may pick up expressions like: the wilds, the [Scottish] highlands, a skylark, a curlew, a moor, a low, a haunting [place], humbleness, to engulf, a cliff [top], pristine, to mess, [all] over the top [of it], a canvas, to pave the road, a loch, a lapwing, bleak, desolate, to eke [into the audio], [the wind] to howl, elated, a hedgerow, a disruptive [family], [there wasn't food]on the table, bluebell [woods], to jam, a blackbird, a thrush, a wren, a chiffchaff, rusty, a hinge, to be blown away, stunning, to blow it out, the cherry on top of the cake.

Martyn Stewart's bio can be watched in the atmospheric video without subtitles "A Portrait of Martyn by Mike Figgis" (07':54"), which can be recommended for C2 students, who will find interesting expressions like: a struggle, a heartache, a dysfunctional [family], hooked, talented, a [naturalist] at heart, to crawl, a shit [singer], to nick [his microphone], pleasing, bluebell [woods], a thursh, a skylark, a blackbird, a wren, a nuthtach, a songster, the [dawn] chorus, the Geordie, the "Liverpoolie", a tuner, to layer, self-effacing, extinct, an archive, [to put your life] on the line, leukemia, to go through, urgency, visceral, hands-on, to give [the animals] a voice, precious, to give up on [something].

Below you can watch a 2021 video interview to Martyn Stewart by Mark Savage on BBC Radio 4 "Martyn Stewart and the Listening Planet" (04':52"), which has subtitles and can be accessed by C1 students. Some intereting words are: a howler [monkey], a wren, an archive, extinct, mesmerized, a council estate, a [Eurasian] blackbird, a hard drive, remarkable, a legacy, to crush, fortunate, a performer, to capture.

Finally, you can watch a longer video tutorial (18':34") "Recording nature sounds" with a gorgeous "dawn chorus" of birds and a further workshop about Martyn's recording tools and techniques: 

Celebrities Lose their Home in L.A. Wildfires

 

BBC news reports that Mel Gibson, Jeff Bridges and other LA celebrities lose their homes to wildfires. This story contains simple vocabulary, content and syntax, so it can be recommended for B2 students. Here is a lesson plan which includes reading, listening and speaking tasks for B2 learners and above who will encounter words like: wildfire, to rage, a sibling, to toast, devastation, Pacific Palisades, a burnt-out [house], to acknowledge, to burn down, and whatnot, to turn it off, to make do, heiress, heartbreak, indescribable, a beachfront [home], ash, a statement, hazard, to be under threat, to raise a child, a hit [show], gossip, [fire] to take over, a blaze, a livable [house], to grieve, a razed [property], to grab, to flee, a gnarly [situation], a fellow [actor], to pledge [money] to [fire] relief, smouldering [ruins], [to start] from scratch, a heavy heart, [on the] bluffs,a devastating [scene], [wind] to howl. 

Below, you can watch a TV report on YouTube, by Inside Edition, titled "Billy Crystal Heartbroken After Home Burned Down in LA Fire" (02':57") with a listening and speaking task which can be recommeded for B2 students and above, with interesting expressions like: a smoldering [house], to raise [children], to come to terms with, charred, wreckage, the shell [of his car], to flee/ fled, numb, to be gutted, a bearded dragon, to ravage [a neighbourhood], to make it, to be on fire, concrete, foundation, [to feel] fortunate, by sheer [luck].

For further background information to the story, students (and teachers) can read Sarah Lentz' article,  "L.A. Wildfires 2025: The Human, Environmental, and Financial Impact", which is more complex (C1 level), and was published by BAM, a media company for real estate professionals, on January 9th.

Best Wildlife Photographers and (Silly) Pictures, 2024

In October, the prestigious Wildlife Photographer of the Year Award 2024, was announced by the Natural History Museum in London, and Alberto Román Gómez (Spain) won the under 10 years award with the picture "Free as a Bird" (left). You can gaze at the stunning photos and read the descriptive captions in The Guardian report "Wildlife photographer of the year 2024 winners -in pictures". The captions are very succinct and precise so, rather suitable for C1 learners and above, where these words, among other, will come up: record-breaking [59,228 entries], an exhibition, a tadpole, a swarm, to snorkel, a lily pad, a stonechat bird, hefty, tricky, ownership, to roll [a log] over, to fruit, [slime] mould, a springtail, a split second, focus stacking, to mirror, a spot, a [camera] trap, a prey, an [elusive] lynx, fungi, gnarled, a birch tree, a lichen, a timeless [beauty] etc. 

NPR also covered the same competition with a more factual article, "Lynx, tiger and tadpoles, oh my: See the Wildlife Photographer of the Year winners", which is longer, more cohesive and easier to read perhaps, so, it can be recommended for B2 students and above, who will find words like: a lynx, a tadpole, a swarm, a lily pad, to lay [in wait], to track [animals], to set up, [camera] traps, to frame, a shot, to seize the moment, to stretch, to wrestle, a yacare caiman, a falcon, underwater, to narrow down, to be featured, a venue, to spark [creation], to coil itself, a snout, to snorkel [painstakingly], a lily pad, silt, to dodge, stunning, to hatch, wetlands, to rally [the community together] etc.

To add a touch of humour to wildlife art, B2 students can either have a peek at the Nikon Comedy Wildlife Gallery of Winners and Finalists 2024 or read the USA Today report on the winners of that competition, "'Squirrel stuck in a tree' tops funniest wildlife photos of the year: See the pictures". The final list of goofy winners was published on December 10th.

The pics will certainly bring a sunny smile (or raucous laughter) to learners, who may pick up new words like: a squirrel, [stuck], to stick, smooching, owlets, to highlight, a compromising [position], a [tree] hole, hind [legs], a statement, a raucous [laughter], to be shortlisted, ecstatic, to narrow down, a standalone [photograph], to showcase etc.

Back in April, the winners of the World Nature Photography Awards 2024 came out. B2 learners and above can click above to look at amazing pictures, and find interesting words in the captions and explanations like: hired, waterproof, a gannet, to dive into [water], anglerfish, a reef, a cheetah, a herd, a topi, dotted [across the valley], to cling [onto a foal], to launch, iconic [iguanas], a lizard, to bask, and many more.

Other interesting wildlife photography awards to check out are the British Wild Photography Awards and National Geographic best wildlife photos from 2024.

Floods in Spain & Climate Change Summit

Valencia suffered the worst floods in history two weeks ago, with a death toll of 224 people in two regions so far, and Malaga has just suffered heavy rains and limited floods, while the COP29 climate meeting has recently opened in Azerbaijan.

Here you can listen to several audio clips from Today (14/11/24), on BBC Radio-4, and discuss climate change and natural disasters. First, you can listen to an interview to Jacqui Ross (03:52), who has suffered the most recent floods in Malaga and another interview to climate scientist Simon Lewis (03:23), explaining why extreme weather events are becoming more frequent, and you can do two listening tasks and a discussion. The tasks are suitable for C1 students and above, who will come across words, in Jacqui Ross's, like: lash, awashed, disrupted, bracing [for], heavy [rain], to wash away, flooded [streets], [animal] rescue, to clear up, to step out, wellington boots, a tsunami, clearance, to burst its banks, sheer [quantity of rain], to fare, travails, to be prompted, drought. In Simon Lewis: fossil fuel [emissions], [extreme weather] events, moisture, downpours, the bigger picture, to withstand, a heat wave, a backlash, harsh, to get to grips [with].

Today also covered the floods in Valencia on 01/11/24:  here you can find a short news bulletin (01:24), and then you can listen to a longer eyewitness report by Bethany Bell with an interview to a local volunteer Paco Pola (05:29), who describe the devastation, the helplessness and the first rescue efforts by volunteers right after the disaster (you can see some images of the devastation here).  You can do a listening and speaking task for B2 students and above, who will come across interesting words like: surreal, flashed floods, swept away, eyewitness, to pile up, debris, a chest, a lightning flash, officials, utter [devastation], [action] to ensue, to set off.

For further information, you can read an article by environment correspondent Matt MacGrath, Scientists Say Climate Change Made Spanish Floods Worse, or read Aljazeera's report on the U.N. climate meeting in Azerbaijan, COP29 Azerbaijan: What's at stake at the 2024 climate summit?.

Chimpanzees Seek Out Medicinal Plants & Iberian Lynxes Recover

BBC Radio 4 broadcaster Mishal Husain interviews Dr. Elodie Freymann on Today programme about how chimpanzees seek out medicinal plants when they feel sick or wounded. The words in this interview clip (4:06) are colloquial, B2 level or so, but radio interviews are usually rather fast for the time pressures of news programmes, which makes it more difficult for foreign learners to segment speech and understand indivual words, so here you can find a listening comprehension task with its key and a follow-up discussion for C1 students. 

The radio recording has no script, but you can use the list of interesting words to follow the interview, after doing the comprehension task: to seek out, a lead [researcher], to tick, wounds, to go out of their way, rare, super [exciting], [plant] samples, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, to expand, [medicinal] repertoire, to clutch [your stomach], to sneeze, to cough, respiratory [infection], non-invasive, [abnormal] metrics, to quantify [parasites], neophobic, to raise alarm bells, [next] wave, self-medication, a step [to start from], [specific pharmaceutical] compounds, to pinpoint, a [fast] recovery.

If you want further information, you can also check out Victoria Gill's report for BBC News "Chimpanzees self-medicate with healing plants",
which provides new details about Dr. Elodie Freymann's research and it is, problably, the original source for the radio interview above. This article is suitable for B2 students.

Another interesting environment story today on BBC News is the report by Malu Cursino "One of the world's rarest cats no longer endangered", which talks about the Iberian lynx and the recovery in the numbers of this "vulnerable" species, after the latest success in conservation efforts. This article can also be accessed by B2 learners.

The Science and Lawfulness of Cow Belching

Cow belching has recently become central in climate change research. Cows and sheep produce tons of methane, a gas that contributes to global warming 84 times more than CO2 does, so, scientists are trying to figure out how these emissions can be curbed to make farming more competitive in a world with higher environmental standards. 

BBC News has recently published the article How New Zealand is reducing methane emissions from farming, which looks into the latest scientific techniques to measure methane emissions in cows and explores changes in emission reduction policy in New Zealand, a cow and sheep farming country. This long article is tough, and only suitable for C2 learners and Experts for a number of reasons: ordinary language learners will not be very familiar with the complexity of its technical and legal content, and the language is a challenging mixture of different registers (scientific, technical, legal and political): it begins with very precise language to describe the methane emission monitoring device for cows, and moves on to describe emission reduction technologies, in a formal, dense, almost academic style, while, in earlier paragraphs, it also adds some light-hearted words to entice the general public to start reading it. 

In the story you will find a rich set of words like: [to reach] a goal, to curb [emissions], a hood, to scoop up, a pellet, to chew, to flick [his ears], to exhale, a contraption, high-tech, to cook up, to be laced with, the digestive tract, to hoover up, a fan, a gallon, a device, to snack, a burp, to churn out, livestock, to scrutinise, mischief, to be enticed, tasty, a hay cube, a lolly, a barn [stay], [food] intake, weight gain, a cattle breeding [cooperative], and counting, a first step in, to curtail [emissions], an [unusual emissions] profile, to hang around, to tackle a [powerful] lever, to sign up to [a pledge], to focus on, to plug a leak, an oil field, [a gas] pipeline, to brew, a niche, to punch above its weight, biogenic [methane], waste, to be consistent with [global efforts], an [international] commitment, to unveil [its strategy], greenhouse gases, a low-emissions [future], an [important] player, a chunk [of the pie], a pricing scheme, to boost, mitigation tech [development], the demise, a shift in policy, gene editing [technology], [to have] what it takes, to harness [scientific tools], a [methane-blocking] vaccine, a silver bullet, to seek, to fund, the inception, [scientifically] challenging, a shortfall in [feasible options], an [available] approach, to milk, a set of [technologies], the [2030- 2040] bracket, to pay dividends, to be likely, to make the grade, a feed-additive, feedlot [animals], tricky [to implement], grazing, to munch [grass], to figure out, [economically] viable, a holy grail, long-lasting, pasture, elusive, the toolbox, [methane] outputs, [dairy] herd, [to verify] the trait, to breed, a low-emitting cow, a [gut] bug, feed, to be underway, sired, to be monitored, a curveball, to handle, a painstaking [process], to yield, a flock [of sheep], fatty [acid], [the spectre] to loom [large], a levy, to date back to [2003], a [fart tax] furore, a misnomer, a cowpat, to lobby, to be roped into, an outlier [industry], to campaign on [a promise], to secure [a deal], [well-thought-through] policy, to achieve [climate targets], input, a scheme, to be meant to [come into effect], to fall over, expertise, emissions pricing policy, a delay, damaging, to catch up, costly, to reward, invidious, to focus on [mitigation], to level the playing field, to dip [by 1.4%], a blip, a [stubborn] plateau, a [new] trend, to be offset, [not to be] on track, [to meet] the overall [emissions], to result in [reductions], [to be] steadfast in [its commitment to the Paris agreement], a keystone [climate policy], to be set to [be discarded], work-in-progress, proven [interventions], to be up to [the new government], to heed [the commission's advice], to fail [to meet], carbon credits. 

That vocabulary and a first reading of the previous article can be an introduction to help students understand some of the following videos about the same topic. Vice News thoroughly explained in July 2023 the confronting political views and the science of the issue in a very informal and funny report, which features ordinary New Zealanders speaking with their local accents in the video "Are Cow Burps Destroying New Zealand?" (16:21), the video has subtitles and a helpful transcription for C1 learners, and has been copied at the bottom of this entry. Vox News explains the basic chemistry of the issue in the video "Cow burps are a climate problem. Can seaweed help?" (5:58), which can also be watched at C1 level with English subtitles.  Finally, the potential of the cow belching problem to develop brand new high-tech tools can be fully appreciated in the Reuters story "Satellites measure cow belches from space" (2:23), which can also be accessible to C1 students with the English subtitles. 

Bilan Media: the All Female News Team in Somalia

Bilan Media is an all female news team which is breaking new ground in the global media world from, oddly enough, a deeply troubled country like Somalia.  Six women who have managed to put together a top quality news website, with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

The British newspaper The Guardian has recently published a story based on a Bilan Media report: "The river took it all": Somalis wait for waters to recede as floods kill dozens. This reading is long and rich in lexis, but with the help of context it can be accessible to B2+/ C1 students and above, who will find useful, new words like: to recede, to reel from, drought, to cherish, floods, to flee, heavy [rains], pastures, to perish, famine, in pitch darkness, to dig, a grave, a dilapidated [house], displaced people, to cram, to be swept away, flash [floods], to pack, concrete, mud, [waters] to subside, [prices] to soar, to prompt, aid [groups], in dire [need], a well, sewage, an outbreak [of cholera], [to find yourself] stranded, an autorickshaw. his livelihood, rubbish, a cart, on the outskirts [of the city], a waterborne [disease], a forecast, a riverbed, [a river] to burst its banks, to airlift [food], to cut off [a place], an airstrip, [it is] unclear, fertile, to join ranks [with], to shelter, maize, sesame.

In the recent past, these female journalists have managed to tell stories which have broken taboos in a patriarchal society, as they openly talked about "a female drug epidemic, women living with HIV and period shame", according to the Reuters's short video with script (1:41) Somalia's first all women's newsroom spotlights female taboos, which is suitable for B2 students. BBC News had earlier published a short report Somalia all-female media unit breaking stereotypes, and a very interesting video (6:06) with English subtitles for the interviews in the local language (C1 level) about the new life of camerawoman Maryana: Somalia, sexism and me: Being a camerawoman in Mogadishu. 

The Guardian again, celebrated the first anniversary of the birth of Bilan Media, with the article It's dangerous being a female journalist in Somalia. But one year on, we are still shining our light.

If you want to listen to all these female journalists speaking in their local language about their challenges and dreams, you can watch the video with English subtitles below: Bilan Media: Somalia's first all women media team.

I would like to congratulate my former student Cristina R., who works for Aragón TV, for her report last month, where I first learnt about the existence of Bilan Media.

The Running of the Goats in New York City

Just a few days earlier than the running of the bulls started in Pamplona, New York City organized its own "running of the goats" in Riversida Park, Manhattan.  Families gathered to see the trailer opening its door to release twenty goats that had been brought to the park to eat all the weeds away. Here you can listen to the All Things Considered report on NPR (3':42") that tells the story with a script, which makes it suitable for B2 students.  You will come across words like goats, to weed, a sliver, farmland, pretty flat, to slope sharply, invasive plants, porcelain berry, to take over, garden maintenance, a herd of goats, upstate [New York], a trailer, the thick impenetrable bush, hillside, with ease, a beloved ritual, St. Patrick's Day parade, to show up, [dogs] to strain against leashes, to sniff, to poke, dazzling, tawny-colored, horns, to curl in on themselves, poised, a gaze, to commune [with nature], nonprofit rescue service, a fenced area, chill, to drift away, heads down, oblivious, sirens, overhead, to munch thier way down the hillside.

Below you can watch a video with speeches and jokes by the local politicians and the actual running of the goats in Riverside Park. The video with subtitles (26:22) is suitable for C1 students.

Ellen MacArthur, Winner of the Princess of Asturias Prize for International Cooperation

Ellen MacArthur has recently won the Princess of Asturias Prize for International Cooperation, The Majorca Daily Bulletin reported last week. In 2005, Ms MacArthur became the first woman to break the world record as a solo sailor around the world and later she started the Ellen MacArthur Foundation to promote the circular economy and design a more sustainable future for the finite world resources.  As a result of their campaign, in March 2022 the UN adopted a resolution to negotiate a legally-binding treaty on plastic pollution, which is hoped to be drawn and signed by the end of 2024. 

Dame Ellen MacArthur was invited to the BBC Radio 4 programme Desert Island Discs back in 2009. In this 45' interview she talks about her background, her achievement in sailing, and her charity work. Her English is a perfect model for C1 and C2 students, because it is rich, but not pompous; there are technical terms, but it is not packed with jargon; the colloquial expressions fit naturally in the context because they are genuinely used to clarify ideas, unlike the florid attempts of some C1 and C2 students who force the one or two expressions they have recently learnt in their textbooks to try to impress their examiners.  The interview has no script, so it is recommended for C2 students, but this vocabulary list can also be used as a rough listening guide to help C1 students follow the interview:

Castaway, to sail solo, limitless passion, iron-will [to triumph], upbringing, to pour over, to skip [school lunches], dinghy, the finish line, relief, it's over, dock, pitch black, to stumble upon, odd scene, crammed, loo, toilet seat, to step off [a boat], to crave [for normalilty], track, outcast, voyage, to get [somebody] through, multitasking, to fix [the engine], chafing, kettle, a gas stove, gas cilinders, to pour in [the water], fuel, an intolerance [to bread], appetite for [a pint of beer], difficult to be around, a feeling of achievement, adrenaline, to wear off, to have a knack [for fixing things], to grow your own vegs, to go karts, lawnmower, a girly girl, a Cindy, a tomboy, to whittle wood, caring, to change the path, to see [me] off, to wish [me] well, scholarship, to make sure [her children went to university], canteen, an inspiration [to me], dinghy, a cabin, a chart table, a bunk, [my] nan, an instrumental force, to dismantle [my bed], barn, a sleeping bag, sewing machine, a set [of sailing trousers], pocket money, income, school dinner money [change], mashed potato & gravy, meniscus, to pile [the money], the money box, a building society, to hand over [the cash], a pet chicken, reservoir, to make do [with playing in the garden], obsessiveness, achiever, obsessive, break times, focused, [I like] being around people, time runs, survival, a moneyed pastime, Derbyshire Education Committe, a wetsuit, a tracksuit, a pakamac, to make it through [to the end of the week], properly equipped, to pack it in, a telling look, brutally selfish, to spread the wings [and fly], poignantly, a massive challenge, to come your way, to take each day as it comes, to be out there, the sunset, the highlights [of your life], in terms of, to smash the daggerboard to pieces, to sum it up, sponsorship, amassing funds, to cobble together [money], the stakes are higher, miniature, Boots, there is room [for relationships], a beanbag, a net, to flush right through, a fleece blanket, waterproofs, to doze, freezing cold, emotional, cheery [song], to recapture [a solo record], an astounding lap [of the planet], to jar [inside me], everything is looked after, precious, to take [something] for granted, kitchen roll, to tear a square, to hit home to me, an adventurous place, resources, [a moment of] epiphany, to eclipse, to draw a line [on that part of your life], leukemia, a new understanding, to maroon, shelter, to have a good shot [at something], a trust, a luxury, bearable, a worm, slinky, fluffy, goggly eyes.

In the Majorca Daily Bulletin report you will find interesting words like: yachting champ, social entrepreneur, to sail solo, to play a key role, to bring about [a move], to be hailed as a watershed moment, an [environmentalist] campaigner, prestigious, the circular economy, to head, to bear [her name], the jury, a statement, to outlast, to outpace, demanding, to advocate, a sustainable model [of production and consumption], to forge a major legally-binding [international agreement]. 

Here you can also watch a TED Talk she gave in March 2015 about her sailing experience and what she learnt about the scarcity of resources in the global economy. The talk lasts 15':47", and it has subtitles, so it is accessible to B2 students and above.

If you are still interested in Ellen's sailing, you can watch the documentary "Taking On the World:  The Official Story" about her participation in the Vendée Global, 2001. There are no subtitles available, but the little density of the words might make it accessible for C1 students with the help of the images (1h. 10m, 12s.).